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| Works by
Kate Chopin (Writer)
[February 8, 1850 – August 22, 1904] |
Profile created March 17, 2008
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Beyond and Alone: The Theme of Isolation in Selected Short Fiction of Kate Chopin, Katherine
Anne Porter, and Eudora Welty (2006) by Hiroko Arima
See also Eudora Welty
and Katherine Anne Porter.
Women-Writing-Women: Three American responses to the Woman Question (Kate Chopin, Nella Larsen,
Willa Cather) (2006) by Theresa Defrancis
The Woman Question served as a catalyst in
Kate Chopin's,
Nella Larsen's,
and Willa Cather's portrayal of the eroticized female body. The question
evolved, in part, from Herbert Spencer's 1873 article “Psychology of the
Sexes” and centered around Spencer's “theories” on woman's nature, her
function, and her differences—biological, sexological, and sociological—from
man. Chapter one historicizes the Woman Question by examining its influence
in these three areas. The sciences, however, did not hold a monopoly on the
debate. Rather, the question elicited reactions from many arenas—popular
newspapers and magazines, literature, political cartoons, public policy—and
in different forms—articles, music, caricatures, legislature. Throughout the
decades of the question's popularity, open and subtle responses appeared.
The aforementioned authors responded subtly. These women may not pointedly,
purposely, or specifically integrate the Woman Question within their
fiction; nevertheless, their literature contains an indirect reaction to the
question and its aftermath through its portrayal of the female characters'
sexuality. While other scholars have investigated the Woman Question through
literature, ironically the focus tends to be on male authors' treatment of
the debate. Also, British rather than American authors—both male and
female—received more attention. An interrogation of American women's novels
of the period adds scope and depth to the debate by broadening the
perspective to include a segment heretofore marginalized: the American woman
writer/character. All three authors examine woman's desire for personal
independence enacted through her own sexuality, but each comes at this from
a different perspective. Chapters two, three, and four analyze one novel by
each author. Chopin's
The Awakening introduces the literary study because it
operates as a transitional text challenging the Cult of True Womanhood while
simultaneously introducing the sexualized New Woman. In Larsen's
Quicksand, the New Woman is conceptualized within a black
female body, a body that boldly confronts racist notions of woman. Likewise,
Cather questions heteropatriarchal hegemony through her eroticized,
femininized landscape in
O Pioneers!
Although each author develops her heroine differently, all three construct
strong female characters who energize the Woman Question debate, forcing a
re-examination of it in ways ignored or unrealized before.
Great Short Stories by American Women (1996), Candace Ward, ed.
Choice collection of 13 stories includes "Life in the Iron Mills" by
Rebecca Harding Davis,
Zora Neale Hurston's "Sweat," plus superb fiction
by
Kate Chopin,
Willa Cather,
Edith Wharton, many others.
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